What type of solution is typically used to prevent infection during a surgical procedure?

The use of antiseptic solutions is fundamental in surgical settings as they play a crucial role in reducing the risk of infection during procedures. Antiseptics are specifically formulated to eliminate or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on living tissues, which is vital before any incision is made. Common antiseptics include solutions that contain iodine or chlorhexidine, which are effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria and other pathogens.

In contrast, nebulized saline is utilized primarily for respiratory conditions and does not serve an antiseptic purpose in surgical settings. Buffered saline is mainly used for maintaining pH balance in various medical contexts but does not provide antimicrobial properties. Alcohol wipes can be effective for cleaning surfaces and may have a limited role in certain pre-operative skin preparations, yet they are not as comprehensive in their antiseptic action when used on larger areas of skin. Hence, antiseptic solutions are preferred for their effectiveness in infection prevention in surgical procedures.