If the small bowel starts to dry out during an open bowel procedure, what action should the surgical technologist take?

During an open bowel procedure, maintaining the proper moisture of the small bowel is critical to prevent tissue damage and ensure optimal healing. If the small bowel begins to dry out, using saline-soaked laparotomy sponges is an appropriate action. This technique allows the surgical technologist to gently moisten the bowel without creating excessive flooding or irritation. The laparotomy sponges, being sterile and absorbent, will provide a protective and hydrating environment, helping to maintain tissue integrity.

Applying saline irrigation directly may risk overhydrating the area or causing other complications, such as dilution of any existing blood; it could flood areas where it is not safe to do so. Replacing the bowel with a fresh section is neither practical nor feasible during most procedures unless there is severe pathology necessitating resection. Covering the bowel with dry surgical sponges would exacerbate the drying process and could lead to tissue desiccation, which is harmful.

Thus, using saline-soaked laparotomy sponges serves to maintain the moisture levels of the small bowel effectively, promoting the health and function of the tissue during the procedure.